Evolution of Genetic Engineering in Medicine: Recombinant DNA and CRISPR Gene Editing Technologies
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58445/rars.824Keywords:
genetic engineering, biology, gene editing, CRISPR, PCR, genetic modification, biomedAbstract
Genetic engineering is a new and upcoming field constantly developing. This field has so many possibilities and opens up new doors for ideas and solutions we have not seen before. Gene editing allows us to make edits, deletions, and substitutions in sequences. Recombinant technologies allow us to use aspects of other organisms' DNA. Gene editing technology has the potential to improve or possibly reverse symptoms of inherited or acquired genetic diseases. There are two predominant modes of genetic engineering in medical biotechnology: recombinant DNA and CRISPR gene editing. Recombinant DNA technology uses another organism as a host to create the desired outcome for the source. To perform edits using CRISPR, the utilization of recombinant technologies is important. Recombinant DNA technology allowed for the manipulation of sequences while often using hosts like bacteria. CRISPR-mediated gene editing is a technology that has grown from and is also partially dependent on recombinant DNA technology. Gene editing is constantly evolving and adapting to new needs and possibilities. There are many promising discoveries and the ongoing development of recombinant and gene editing technologies allows for new possibilities and future advancement in medical biotechnology. I will review recombinant DNA technology and its development into CRISPR gene editing technology in this article and then describe several real-world applications of these technologies to improve human health.
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