From Theory to Practice: Exploring Practical and Cost-Effective Therapies for Autism in Institutions
A literature review exploring the implementation of 1) art therapy, 2) music therapy, 3) peer-intervention programs, 4) computer-based interventions, and 5) applied behavior analysis, in institutions.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58445/rars.323Keywords:
autism, ABA, applied behavioral analysis, therapy, music therapy, art therapy, computer-based intervention, CBI, peer-intervention programs, PIPAbstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by persistent challenges in social interaction, communication, and restrictive or repetitive behaviors. The prevalence of ASD has been steadily increasing worldwide. As of June 2023, the CDC reports that 1/36 children in the United States are designated with ASD, much greater than the 1/44 statistic from 2019. Furthermore, according to recent data from Autism Speaks, 31% of children with ASD have an intellectual disability (intelligence quotient [IQ] <70), 25% are in the borderline range (IQ 71–85), and 44% have IQ scores in the average to above average range (i.e., IQ >85) (Autism Statistics and Facts). Consequently, there is a growing need for effective and accessible therapies that must be implemented in school settings to support individuals with autism and provide them with equitable opportunities.
This paper aims to provide a comprehensive resource for schools and other institutions. The goal is to bridge the gap between theory and practice by highlighting popular therapies that have shown promising results in improving the behavioral outcomes of individuals with autism. Schools can gain the necessary knowledge and tools to make informed implementation decisions by examining the various therapeutic approaches colligated in this paper. This work aims to empower educators, administrators, and practitioners with the necessary knowledge and evidence to make informed decisions regarding the holistic development and well-being of individuals with autism.
This paper will delve into five main therapies successfully employed in school settings, focusing on their feasibility, affordability, and ease of implementation. The five therapies include 1) art therapy, 2) music therapy, 3) peer-intervention programs, 4) computer-based interventions, and 5) applied behavior analysis. Furthermore, the paper will also provide a template method or plan for implementing these therapies, offering a practical framework for schools and institutions to integrate these interventions effectively.
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