Effect of Periodontal Disease on Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASVD)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58445/rars.162Keywords:
ASCVD, Periodontitis, Dentistry, Medicine, HealthcareAbstract
Oral health has a strong connection to systemic health and thus it is important to research how periodontitis may lead to heart disease. Recent research has shown a positive correlation between periodontitis, or periodontal disease(PD), and congestive heart failure (CHF). Periodontal disease refers to the inflammation of the gingiva and the destruction of the maxillary and/or mandibular bone. Congestive heart failure occurs when blood flow towards the heart is restricted, resulting in a heart attack, and in most cases results in fatality. In an adult patient with periodontitis, there are several bacterial pathogens present in the oral cavity, such as P. gingivalis, T. forsythia, T. denticola, and A. Actinomycetemcomitans. These pathogens enter the bloodstream through the diseased area and have been known to cause a large assortment of health issues, one of which is Congestive Heart Failure. Risk factors for PD include smoking, poor oral home care, medications, and previous diagnosis of gingivitis. Risk factors for CHF include obesity, coronary artery disease (CAD)/atherosclerosis, hypertension, and diabetes. Reducing and controlling these risk factors can allow for a more comfortable and healthy quality of life. If periodontal disease is diagnosed and treated in its early stages, the risk of CHF may be reduced, and thus possibly reducing the prevalence of one of the biggest causes of hospitalization in the elderly population.
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