Preprint / Version 1

Discussing the Relationship Between Antibiotic Use in the Poultry Industry and the Antibiotic Resistance Crisis

##article.authors##

  • Sean Yu Independent Researcher

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.58445/rars.1251

Keywords:

Antibiotic, Poultry, Antibiotic Resistance

Abstract

Antibiotic resistance has become an urgent global public health issue. Although not often reported in mainstream media, antibiotics fundamental to healthcare are becoming increasingly ineffective as resistant bacteria diversify and spread. Many patients infected by resistant bacteria are unable to be treated, struggling to recover and dying in the worst cases. It is important to educate society about antibiotic resistance, an issue that has continued to affect many globally, including in the United States. Specifically, this article reports on how antibiotic use in the poultry industry has become a contributing factor to increasing antibiotic resistance. The goal of this article is to encourage society to work collaboratively to address this urgent issue. Throughout the article, statistical numbers and testimonials from those researching antibiotic resistance, those in the poultry industry, and those affected by antibiotic resistance are included. These viewpoints offer a holistic view of the antibiotic-resistant issue and encourage readers to form varied interpretations necessary to facilitate dialogue and develop working solutions.

References

“My Worst Fear”: A Doctor Faces Antibiotic Resistance, Pew, https//www.pewtrusts.org/en/research-and-analysis/video/2017/my-worst-fear-a-doctor-faces-antibiotic-resistance, (2017).

Antibiotic Resistance Timeline, ProQuest https://explore.proquest.com/sirsissuesresearcher/document/2376019079?accountid=7183, (2022).

D Wallinga. U.S. Livestock Antibiotic Use Is Rising, Medical Use Falls: For the last decade, the FDA has been urging the industrial meat industry to use antibiotics more wisely. That makes it important to question why livestock sales have risen the past two years, NRDC, https://www.nrdc.org/bio/david-wallinga-md/us-livestock-antibiotic-use-rising-medical-use-falls-0?nrdcpreviewlink=02e0E9uJT-nwEaFnBoTvId_AaSh3yfLdGEaJYH2pVII, (2021).

M. McKenna. Antibiotic Use in US Farm Animals Was Falling. Now It’s Not: A new FDA report shows that a long-awaited Obama-era initiative to stop the spread of superbugs and improve animal welfare has stalled out, WIRED, www.wired.com/story/antibiotic-use-in-us-farm-animals-was-falling-now-its-not, (2021).

K. J. Wu. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria in farm animals are rising in low- and middle-income countries: That spells trouble for the entire planet, PBS, https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/article/animal-antimicrobial-low-middle-income-countries/, (2019).

T. P. Van Boeckel, E. E. Glennon, D. Chen, M. Gilbert, T. P. Robinson, B. T. Grenfell, S. A. Levin, S. Bonhoeffer, R. Laxminarayan, Reducing antimicrobial use in food animals, Science, https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aao1495, (2017).

E. H. Yee, S. S. Cheng, G. A. Knappe, C. A. Moomau, Antibiotic resistance: How to prevent the next public health emergency, MIT, https://biology.mit.edu/antibiotic-resistance-how-to-prevent-the-next-public-health-emergency/, (2020).

S. Kunhikannan, C. J. Thomas, A. E. Franks, S. Mahadevaiah, S. Kumar, S. Petrovski, Environmental hotspots for antibiotic resistance genes, https://doi.org/10.1002/mbo3.1197, (2021).

J. Beaubien, Why humans are losing the race against superbugs, NPR, https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2022/01/20/1074373834/why-humans-are-losing-the-race-against-superbugs, (2022).

C. Manyi-Loh, S. Maphweli, E. Meyer, A. Okoh, Antibiotic Use in Agriculture and Its Consequential Resistance in Environmental Sources: Potential Public Health Implications, Molecules, https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23040795, (2018).

W. D. Cohan. Antibiotics in Meat Could Be Damaging Our Guts: The F.D.A. banned the use of antibiotics for growth promotion in animals last year. One organic cattle farmer is sure the ban is being flouted, NY Times, www.nytimes.com/2018/05/25/opinion/sunday/meat-antibiotics-organic-farming.html, (2018).

A. Fleck, Deaths From Drug-Resistant Infections Set To Skyrocket, Statista https://www.statista.com/chart/3095/drug-resistant-infections/, (2023).

A. Jacobs. U.N. Issues Urgent Warning on the Growing Peril of Drug-Resistant Infections: A new report says the overuse of antimicrobial drugs in humans, animals and plants is fueling resistant pathogens that could kill 10 million people annually by 2050, NY Times, 2019, www.nytimes.com/2019/04/29/health/un-drug-resistance-antibiotics.html, (2019).

Antimicrobial resistance: a global threat, UN, https://www.unep.org/topics/chemicals-and-pollution-action/pollution-and-health/antimicrobial-resistance-global-threat, (2023).

Parents Remember Army Vet's Battle with Antibiotic Resistance, Pew, https//www.pewtrusts.org/en/research-and-analysis/video/2017/parents-Remember-army-vets-battle-with-antibiotic-resistance, (2017).

D. Charles. Some In The Beef Industry Are Bucking The Widespread Use Of Antibiotics. Here's How, NPR, https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2019/04/02/707406946/some-in-the-beef-industry-are-bucking-the-widespread-use-of-antibiotics-heres-ho, (2019).

A. Aubrey. Antibiotic-Free Meat Business Is Booming, Thanks to Chipotle, NPR, www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2012/05/31/154084442/antibiotic-free-meat-business-is-booming-thanks-to-chipotle, (2012).

Grass Run Farms Natural Ground Beef Patties 80% Lean, HEB, https://www.heb.com/product-detail/grass-run-farms-natural-ground-beef-patties-80-lean/2995034, (2024).

L. A. Wasserman, M. L. Cain, S. A. Wasserman, P. V. Minorsky, R. B. Orr, N. A. Campbell, Campbell Biology 12th Edition, Pearson, ISBN 10: 0-135-18874-1, ISBN 13: 978-0-135-18874-3, (2014).

S. A. Kraemer, A. Ramachandran, G. G. Perron, Antibiotic Pollution in the Environment: From Microbial Ecology to Public Policy, Microorganisms, https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7060180, (2019).

Downloads

Posted

2024-07-08

Categories