Preprint / Version 1

Major Factors that Affect the Stock Market and How Companies Use it to Their Advantage

##article.authors##

  • Aariz Jiwani Esprit International School

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.58445/rars.3539

Keywords:

Stock market, Corporate financial decisions, Market factors

Abstract

My research paper is about companies and how their financial decisions affect the stock price. I will include what the stock market is, along with the decisions they made to influence the stock market. My research matters because the stock market is something that influences our daily lives, which provides investment opportunities, enables growth and innovation, and gives people a chance for people to build their wealth. The method that I plan to use is to do deep research on how the stock market works, and focus on 2 main factors: The total market and individual companies. We will be using a comparison study, financial analysis, and specific case studies around those companies. The results I expect to gain from this project are a list of factors that drive major stock market movements, financial and PR decisions companies have made, deeper knowledge of the overall stock market, and how specific companies influence the stock market. I want to be more knowledgeable about how to use the stock market. I also want to show individuals how companies are using the stock market to their advantage. Furthermore, I want to determine what factors have helped companies in the past, what factors help companies in the present, and what factors will help companies in the future regarding the stock market.

References

Federal Reserve. (2025, July 30). Federal Reserve issues FOMC statement [Press release]. Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. https://www.federalreserve.gov/

Federal Reserve. (2025, July 31). Federal Reserve Board and FOMC release economic projections. Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. https://www.federalreserve.gov/

Sorenson, A. (2020, March 19). A message from our CEO on COVID-19. Marriott International. https://news.marriott.com/

Apple Inc. (2019, June 17). Letter to U.S. Trade Representative regarding proposed tariffs on Apple products. Apple Inc. https://www.apple.com/newsroom/

Cook, T. (2019, July 30). Apple Inc. Q3 2019 earnings call transcript. Apple Inc. https://www.apple.com/newsroom/

Tesla Inc. (2022, October 19). Q3 2022 Tesla earnings call transcript. Tesla Inc. https://ir.tesla.com/

Musk, E. (2018, August 7). Am considering taking Tesla private at $420. Funding secured. [Tweet]. X (formerly Twitter). https://twitter.com/elonmusk

Walmart Inc. (2023). Live Better U: Education benefits for associates. Walmart Corporate. https://corporate.walmart.com/

Walmart Foundation. (2023). Community grants program. Walmart Foundation. https://walmart.org/

Costco Wholesale Corporation. (2023). Annual report 2023. Costco Wholesale. https://investor.costco.com/financials

Bomey, N. (2023, February 14). Why egg prices skyrocketed and how Costco kept prices steady. USA Today. https://www.usatoday.com/

U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2025). CPI inflation data (2022–2025). U.S. Department of Labor. https://www.bls.gov/cpi/

Petram, L. (2014). The world’s first stock exchange: How the Amsterdam market for Dutch East India Company shares became a modern securities market, 1602–1700. Columbia University Press. https://cup.columbia.edu/book/the-worlds-first-stock-exchange/9780231163781

World’s First Stock Exchange. (2020, September 1). About this blog. https://www.worldsfirststockexchange.com/2020/09/01/about-this-blog/

Historic UK. (n.d.). The South Sea Bubble. Historic UK. https://www.historic-uk.com/HistoryUK/HistoryofEngland/South-Sea-Bubble/

Wheelock, D. C. (2016, February 5). Crisis chronicles: The long depression and the panic of 1873. Liberty Street Economics (Federal Reserve Bank of New York). https://libertystreeteconomics.newyorkfed.org/2016/02/crisis-chronicles-the-long-depression-and-the-panic-of-1873/

Simeone, N. (2013, Spring). The depression you never heard of. Brandeis Magazine. https://www.brandeis.edu/magazine/2013/spring/inquiry/depression.html

Business Insider. (2025, May). Vintage photos of Black Monday, the 1987 stock market crash. Business Insider. https://www.businessinsider.com/vintage-photos-black-monday-market-crash-2025-5

MarketWatch. (2025, March 10). The dot-com bubble peaked 25 years ago this week — are investors today falling into the same trap? MarketWatch. https://www.marketwatch.com/story/the-dot-com-bubble-peaked-25-years-ago-this-week-are-investors-today-falling-into-the-same-trap-4f0cf81a

Nasdaq. (n.d.). Daily market summary. Nasdaq Trader. https://www.nasdaqtrader.com/Trader.aspx?id=DailyMarketSummary

Brandeis University. (2013). The panic of 1837, America’s worst financial crisis. Brandeis Magazine. https://www.brandeis.edu/magazine/2013/spring/inquiry/depression.html#:~:text=The%20Panic%20of%201837%2C%20America%27s%20worst%20financial,up%20and%20business%20slowed%20to%20a%20crawl.

Business Insider. (2025, May). Vintage photos of Black Monday, the 1987 stock market crash. https://www.businessinsider.com/vintage-photos-black-monday-market-crash-2025-5#:~:text=For%20some%2C%20this%20economic%20instability,Dow%20Jones%20plummeted%20by%2022.6%25.

Cascade Strategy. (n.d.). Delta Air Lines strategy study. Cascade. https://www.cascade.app/studies/delta-strategy-study

CBS News. (2019a, May 9). Uber IPO: Will Uber drivers profit from tech company’s initial public offering? https://www.cbsnews.com/news/uber-ipo-will-uber-drivers-profit-from-tech-companys-initial-public-offering/#:~:text=U.S.%2Dbased%20drivers%20will%20have,Wedbush%20stock%20analyst%20Daniel%20Ives.

CBS News. (2019b, May 9). Uber IPO promises riches for a handful of investors — and risks galore. https://www.cbsnews.com/news/uber-ipo-promises-riches-for-a-handful-of-investors-and-risks-galore/

CNBC. (2019, May 9). Uber IPO pricing: Company prices shares amid Lyft rivalry. https://www.cnbc.com/2019/05/09/uber-ipo-pricing.html#:~:text=Kalanick's%20ouster%20was%20preceded%20by,Picker%20contributed%20to%20this%20article.&text=Clarification:%20Uber%20priced%20its%20IPO,earlier%20version%20of%20this%20article.

Columbia University Press. (n.d.). The world’s first stock exchange. https://cup.columbia.edu/book/the-worlds-first-stock-exchange/9780231163781/#:~:text=The%20launch%20of%20the%20Dutch,had%20begun%20to%20trade%20them.

Crunchbase News. (2024, December 31). Venture-backed U.S. startups IPOs. https://news.crunchbase.com/public/venture-backed-us-startups-ipos/

Fool.com. (2025, April 27). Prediction: Nvidia stock will soar after May 1. The Motley Fool. https://www.fool.com/investing/2025/04/27/prediction-nvidia-stock-will-soar-after-may-1/#:~:text=Nvidia%20just%20wrote%20off%20$5.5,coming%20up%20on%20May%201.

Historic UK. (n.d.). The South Sea Bubble. https://www.historic-uk.com/HistoryUK/HistoryofEngland/South-Sea-Bubble/#:~:text=Then%20in%20September%20of%201720,to%20his%20rise%20to%20power.

Hobson, N. (2019, August 15). 25 years ago, Steve Jobs saved Apple from collapse — It’s a lesson for every tech CEO today. Inc.com. https://www.inc.com/nick-hobson/25-years-ago-steve-jobs-saved-apple-from-collapse-its-a-lesson-for-every-tech-ceo-today.html

Investopedia. (2016, August 17). Understanding Apple’s capital structure (AAPL). https://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/081716/understanding-apples-capital-structure-aapl.asp#:~:text=the%20foreseeable%20future.-,Tying%20It%20All%20Together,main%20and%20wall%20street%20investors.

Investopedia. (2016, August 26). How the stock market works. https://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/082614/how-stock-market-works.asp#toc-why-does-the-stock-market-go-up-and-down

Investopedia. (2012, October 4). The history of Apple stock increases. https://www.investopedia.com/articles/stocks/12/history-apple-stock-increases.asp

Investopedia. (2015, February 24). How Pinterest makes money. https://www.investopedia.com/articles/personal-finance/022415/how-pinterest-makes-money.asp#:~:text=Opportunities%20for%20increasing%20revenue%20that,12

Investopedia. (n.d.). What is an institutional investor? https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/06/institutionalinvestor.asp

Law, University of Tennessee, Knoxville. (n.d.). Case study: Six Flags bankruptcy. https://ir.law.utk.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1035&context=utk_studlawbankruptcy

MarketWatch. (2025, March 11). The dot-com bubble peaked 25 years ago this week: Are investors falling into the same trap? https://www.marketwatch.com/story/the-dot-com-bubble-peaked-25-years-ago-this-week-are-investors-today-falling-into-the-same-trap-4f0cf81a#:~:text=reached%20its%20dot%2Dcom%2Dera,investors%27%20confidence%20in%20the%20market.

Nasdaq. (n.d.). Daily market summary. Nasdaq Trader. https://www.nasdaqtrader.com/Trader.aspx?id=DailyMarketSummary

New York Fed. (2016, February 5). Crisis chronicles: The long depression and the panic of 1873. Liberty Street Economics. https://libertystreeteconomics.newyorkfed.org/2016/02/crisis-chronicles-the-long-depression-and-the-panic-of-1873/#:~:text=The%20panic%20led%20to%20bank,The%20Real%20Great%20Depression%E2%80%9D%29

Pinterest IPO. (n.d.). Pinterest IPO overview. Stash. https://www.stash.com/learn/pinterest-ipo/

StartupWize. (2020, December 15). Revisiting Airbnb IPO. https://startupwize.com/revisiting-airbnb-ipo/#:~:text=This%20gave%20Airbnb%20a%20valuation,and%20its%20asset%2Dlight%20platform.

TD Direct Investing. (n.d.). What is the stock market? https://www.td.com/ca/en/investing/direct-investing/articles/what-is-stock-market#:~:text=Share%20prices%20are%20determined%20by,new%20prices%20with%20each%20other.

World’s First Stock Exchange. (2020, September 1). About this blog. https://www.worldsfirststockexchange.com/2020/09/01/about-this-blog/

Yahoo Finance. (2025, April). Nvidia stock just did something for the first time. https://finance.yahoo.com/news/nvidia-stock-just-did-first-080500351.html

Yahoo Finance. (2025, April). Analyst explains Nvidia’s tricky position. https://finance.yahoo.com/news/analyst-explains-nvidia-nvda-tricky-201536617.html

Bankrate. (2025, March). Elon Musk may now be the biggest risk to Tesla’s stock — here’s why. https://www.bankrate.com/investing/elon-musk-may-now-be-the-biggest-risk-to-teslas-stock-heres-why/#:~:text=Tesla%20(TSLA)%20has%20been%20making,become%20shareholders'%20problem%2C%20too.

Downloads

Posted

2025-12-21

Categories