A Neuropsychological Perspective on Creativity, Active Self-Expression, and Identity Formation

Abstract

This study reviews the connections between art, psychology, and neuroscience by examining the effect of active self-expression on identity formation and neural processes. Active self-expression activates three specific networks in the brain: the default mode network (DMN), the executive control network (ECN), and the salience network (SN), associated with introspection, evaluation, and emotion, respectively. These three systems demonstrate how creative activity leads to strengthening self-concept and identity through emotional regulation and self-referential thinking. Through art engagement, individuals can experience psychological benefits such as emotional regulation and identity clarity by activating reward and introspection systems in the brain. Additionally, active self-expression creates a sense of strong community and social connectedness when compared to passive expression or observation. Although studies are limited by sample size, diversity, and differences in methodology, consistent evidence reveals that creativity and identity have neural overlap and correlation. Future directions include the implementation of art in community projects, school curriculum, and as a therapeutic tool. Overall, active self-expression acts as both a recreational activity that improves emotional regulation and social connection through community and culture, and a neurological process outlined by brain networks, reward systems, and mental health benefits.