The Role of Small Modular Reactors in Decentralizing Energy Production: Assessing Economic Viability, Safety, and Environmental Impact in Underdeveloped Regions

Abstract

Small modular reactors (SMRs) have shown great promise in decentralizing energy production, particularly in developing countries where energy access remains a significant barrier. This paper argues that SMRs represent a strategic and feasible energy option for developing nations through an analysis of their technological viability, economic impact, and policy considerations. Analysing safety features, deployment strategies, and financial models of SMRs can effectively provide insight into how they may be used to fill the global energy gap and promote a more equitable and sustainable energy future. Environmental evaluations also take into account disasters related to conventional systems, efficiency, and overall carbon emissions. Research results indicate that, in spite of obstacles, including SMRs into distributed energy systems could be essential for addressing world energy inequalities and accelerating the shift to a low-carbon future.