Immunotherapy in Cutaneous Melanoma
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58445/rars.2354Keywords:
Melanoma, cancer immunotherapyAbstract
Cancer is a large class of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell growth. The immune system is our body's mechanism to protect itself from alien threats, including cancer. The immune system should be able to kill cancer; however, cancer often avoids this either by preventing the activation of the immune system or avoiding detection. Immunotherapy is a method of treating cancer that relies on stimulating the immune system so it is able to kill the cancer. Immunotherapy is a common therapy to overcome cancer immune evasion because it is very effective and has relatively low side effects. In this review, we will research the causes, treatments, and the use and future of immunotherapy in Cutaneous Melanoma (CM).
References
Almutairi, A. R., McBride, A., Slack, M., Erstad, B. L., & Abraham, I. (2020). Potential immune-related adverse events associated with monotherapy and combination therapy of ipilimumab, nivolumab, and pembrolizumab for advanced melanoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in oncology, 10, 91.
Ayanlowo, O. O., Adegbulu, A. A., & Cole‐Adeife, O. (2022). Cutaneous cancers in the Africans: Systematic review. Dermatological Reviews, 3(6), 369-383.
Barrios, D. M., Do, M. H., Phillips, G. S., Postow, M. A., Akaike, T., Nghiem, P., & Lacouture, M. E. (2020). Immune checkpoint inhibitors to treat cutaneous malignancies. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 83(5), 1239-1253.
Behbahani, S., Maddukuri, S., Cadwell, J. B., Lambert, W. C., & Schwartz, R. A. (2020). Gender differences in cutaneous melanoma: Demographics, prognostic factors, and survival outcomes. Dermatologic therapy, 33(6), e14131.
Chang, J. W. C. (2013). Acral melanoma: a unique disease in Asia. JAMA dermatology, 149(11), 1272-1273.
Chiappinelli, K. B., Strissel, P. L., Desrichard, A., Li, H., Henke, C., Akman, B., Hein, A., Rote, N. S., Cope, L. M., Snyder, A., Makarov, V., Budhu, S., Slamon, D. J., Wolchok, J. D., Pardoll, D. M., Beckmann, M. W., Zahnow, C. A., Merghoub, T., Chan, T. A., Baylin, S. B., … Strick, R. (2015). Inhibiting DNA Methylation Causes an Interferon Response in Cancer via dsRNA Including Endogenous Retroviruses. Cell, 162(5), 974–986. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2015.07.011
Cummins, D. L., Cummins, J. M., Pantle, H., Silverman, M. A., Leonard, A. L., & Chanmugam, A. (2006, April). Cutaneous malignant melanoma. In Mayo clinic proceedings (Vol. 81, No. 4, pp. 500-507). Elsevier.
Eddy, K., & Chen, S. (2020). Overcoming Immune Evasion in Melanoma. International journal of molecular sciences, 21(23), 8984. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21238984
Leonardi, G. C., Falzone, L., Salemi, R., Zanghì, A., Spandidos, D. A., Mccubrey, J. A., ... & Libra, M. (2018). Cutaneous melanoma: From pathogenesis to therapy. International journal of oncology, 52(4), 1071-1080.
Lopes, F. C., Sleiman, M. G., Sebastian, K., Bogucka, R., Jacobs, E. A., & Adamson, A. S. (2021). UV exposure and the risk of cutaneous melanoma in skin of color: a systematic review. JAMA dermatology, 157(2), 213-219.
Norval, M., & Wright, C. Y. (2017). The epidemiology of cutaneous melanoma in the white and black African population groups in South Africa. Exon Publications, 23-38.
O'Donoghue, C., Doepker, M. P., & Zager, J. S. (2016). Talimogene laherparepvec: overview, combination therapy and current practices. Melanoma management, 3(4), 267–272. https://doi.org/10.2217/mmt-2016-0021.
Wainstein, A. J. A., Duprat Neto, J. P., Enokihara, M. Y., Brechtbühl, E. R., Riccardi, F., Landman, G., ... & Cavarsan, F. (2020). Demographic, clinical, and pathologic features of patients with cutaneous melanoma: final analysis of the brazilian melanoma group database. JCO Global Oncology, 6, 575-582.
Yajima, I., Kumasaka, M. Y., Thang, N. D., Goto, Y., Takeda, K., Yamanoshita, O., ... & Kato, M. (2012). RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK and PI3K/PTEN/AKT signaling in malignant melanoma progression and therapy. Dermatology research and practice, 2012(1), 354191.
Zhao, Y., Deng, J., Rao, S., Guo, S., Shen, J., Du, F., ... & Li, J. (2022). Tumor infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapy for solid tumor treatment: progressions and challenges. Cancers, 14(17), 4160.
NCT03842943
NCT04253080
Additional Files
Posted
Categories
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Arnav Doreswamy, Ashley Pearson

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.