Therapeutic Applications and Targets of Chemogenetic Neuromodulation in Parkinson’s Disease: A Comprehensive Review of Current Literature

Lauren Vidinha

doi:10.58445/rars.2097

##article.authors##

Lauren Vidinha Cambridge Centre for International Research

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.58445/rars.2097

Keywords:

chemogenetics, Parkinson's Disease, GPCRs, DREADDs, neurodegeneration, neuromodulation, therapeutics, neurology, neurosurgery, translational medicine

Abstract

In previous studies, chemogenetics has been utilized as a method of investigation into Parkinson’s Disease (PD), and a range of possible therapeutic targets for ameliorating PD have been suggested in terms of engineered receptors of specific neuronal subtypes and pathways. Though chemogenetics has been used on occasions as a tool for investigating brain functions in rodent models, and less often tested as a method of modulating GPCRs in order to mitigate neurodegenerative diseases and their symptoms relative to in vivo studies, it is yet to be tested in humans or recognized as a feasible treatment option for PD in the future. For this reason, this review organizes past research on the topics of chemogenetic neuromodulation, sites linked to Parkinson’s that have been successfully targeted using chemogenetics, and targets that may be linked to PD that are viable targets to be regulated using chemogenetics in future studies in order to highlight the therapeutic potential of chemogenetics as a clinical intervention. More precisely, these sources point to the usefulness of chemogenetic technologies like DREADDs and PSAMs in targeting sites previously researched in relation to chemogenetics such as zona incerta GABAergic neurons, the autonomous subthalamic nucleus (STN), and orexin (hypocretin) neurons. Additionally, we extend on current research by suggesting the promising findings on possible targets inclusive of Group I mGluRs, striatal Myf5 cells, and P2Y12R inhibition as it relates to PD progression. Altogether, we conclude that the literature indicates that chemogenetics is a relatively young technology within neuroengineering showing a lot of promise for Parkinson’s Disease, and more research must be carried out in order for this technology to be established as a trusted therapeutic and for safe and functional targets for treatment, particularly those discussed in this literature, to be crystallized as tenable for the palliation of PD and its symptoms.

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Therapeutic Applications and Targets of Chemogenetic Neuromodulation in Parkinson’s Disease

A Comprehensive Review of Current Literature

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