Meta-Analysis on the Positive Correlation Between Insomnia and False Memories
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58445/rars.1496Keywords:
Insomnia, False Memories, Meta-AnalysisAbstract
Insomnia is a prevalent sleep disorder that impacts approximately 30% of the whole population in the United States. It is identified by challenges with falling or asleep and has been associated with various cognitive dysfunctions, including issues with memory formation. In this work, we conduct a meta-analysis involving two data sets to analyze the relationship between insomnia and false memory formation (memories of events that did not actually occur), shedding light on the consequences of sleep deprivation. In the first data set, participants engaged in a simulated crime scenario and were assessed on their ability to identify the perpetrator from both lineups after a period of sleep or wakefulness. In the second data set, participants were presented with themed word lists and, after sleep or wakefulness, tested for memory of words on the list. The data underwent processing using R, and meta-analysis techniques were utilized to integrate findings across these two studies. We used various techniques, such as random-effects models and subgroup analyses, to combine the findings from the studies. However, we were unable to assess the variability between studies due to the limitations of working with binary data. The results show a connection between insomnia and an increase in the formation of false memories, with similar effect sizes across studies. Further research is anticipated to deepen the understanding of the link between insomnia and cognitive health, offering valuable insights into sleep disorders and memory.
References
Bedard-Gilligan, M., & Zoellner, L. A. (2012). Dissociation and memory fragmentation in post-traumatic stress disorder: An evaluation of the dissociative encoding hypothesis. Memory, 20(3), 277–299. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2012.655747
Bandyopadhyay, Anuja, and Ninotchka Liban Sigua. “What Is Sleep Deprivation?” *American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine*, vol. 199, no. 6, 15 Mar. 2019, pp. P11–P12, www.atsjournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1164/rccm.1996P11, https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.1996p11.
Chambers, A. M. (2017). The role of sleep in cognitive processing: focusing on memory consolidation. *Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. Cognitive Science*, 8(3). https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1433
Clopath, C. (2011). Synaptic consolidation: an approach to long-term learning. *Cognitive Neurodynamics*, 6(3), 251–257. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11571-011-9177-6
Darsaud, A., Dehon, H., Lahl, O., Sterpenich, V., Boly, M., Dang-Vu, T., Desseilles, M., Gais, S., Matarazzo, L., Peters, F., Schabus, M., Schmidt, C., Tinguely, G., Vandewalle, G., Luxen, A., Maquet, P., & Collette, F. (2011). Does sleep promote false memories? *Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience*, 23(1), 26–40. https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn.2010.21448
De Crescenzo, Franco, et al. “Comparative Effects of Pharmacological Interventions for the Acute and Long-term Management of Insomnia Disorder in Adults: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis.” The Lancet, vol. 400, no. 10347, July 2022, pp. 170–84, doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(22)00878-9.
Dorahy, M. J., Brand, B. L., Şar, V., Krüger, C., Stavropoulos, P., Martínez-Taboas, A., Lewis-Fernández, R., & Middleton, W. (2014). Dissociative identity disorder: An empirical overview. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 48(5), 402–417. https://doi.org/10.1177/0004867414527523
Fokuhl, Stefan. Memory / Cognitive Psychology. *Atlantic International University*, 28 July 2007, https://rep.aiu.edu/submissions/manager_files/document/cognitive%20psycology.pdf. Accessed 22 July 2022.
Fortier-Brochu, É., Beaulieu-Bonneau, S., Ivers, H., & Morin, C. M. (2012). Insomnia and daytime cognitive performance: A meta-analysis. *Sleep Medicine Reviews*, 16(1), 83–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2011.03.008
Fuster, J. M. (1988). Prefrontal cortex. In *Birkhäuser Boston eBooks* (pp. 107–109). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-6776-3_43
Gabrieli, J. D. E. (1998). COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE OF HUMAN MEMORY. *Annual Review of Psychology*, 49(1), 87–115. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.49.1.87
Kensinger, E. A., & Ford, J. H. (2020). Retrieval of Emotional Events from Memory. Annual Review of Psychology, 71(1), 251–272. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-010419-051123
Killgore, W. D. (2010). Effects of sleep deprivation on cognition. *Progress in Brain Research*105–129. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-53702-7.00007-5
Krystal, A. D., Prather, A. A., & Ashbrook, L. H. (2019). The assessment and management of insomnia: an update. *World Psychiatry/World Psychiatry*, 18(3), 337–352. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20674
Lo, J. C., Sim, S. K. Y., & Chee, M. W. L. (2014). Sleep reduces false memory in healthy older adults. SLEEP, 37(4), 665–671. https://doi.org/10.5665/sleep.3564
Loftus, E. F. “Memory Distortion and False Memory Creation.” *The Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law*, vol. 24, no. 3, 1996, pp. 281–295, pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8889130/.
Luisetto, Mauro, et al. “Brain Washing System the System by Which the Wasting Molecules Are Removed by Brain.” Https://Www.researchgate.net/Profile/MauroLuisetto/Publication/337533167_brain_washing_system_the_system_by_which_the_wasting_molecules_are_removed_by_brain_J_Anat_Pathol_dementia_parkinsonPD_DA_NEURODEGENERATIVE_NCBI_httpswwwncbinlmnihgovmyncbi1HwEXMkfmar5Bkbibliographypu/Links/5ddcd9b392851c1fedb1ed9b/Brain-Washing-System-The-System-By-Which-The-Wasting-Molecules-Are-Removed-By-Brain-J-Anat-Pathol-Dementia-Parkinson-PD-DA-NEURODEGENERATIVE-NCBI-Https-Wwwncbinlmnihgov-Myncbi-1HwEXMkfmar5Bk-Bib.pdf, Sept. 2019. Accessed 22 July 2024.
Main, P. (2023, November 16). Declarative memory. Structural Learning. https://www.structural-learning.com/post/declarative-memory
Mak, M. H. (2024). JOPD: Data from “A registered report testing the effect of sleep on DRM false memory: Greater lure and veridical recall but fewer intrusions after sleep.” *OSF*. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/P5JRH
Malone, C., Deason, R. G., Palumbo, R., Heyworth, N., Tat, M., & Budson, A. E. (2018). False memories in patients with mild cognitive impairment and mild Alzheimer’s disease dementia: Can cognitive strategies help? *Neuropsychology, Development, and Cognition. Section a, Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology/Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology*, 41(2), 204–218. https://doi.org/10.1080/13803395.2018.1513453
Malloggi, S., Conte, F., De Rosa, O., Cellini, N., Di Iorio, I., Ficca, G., & Giganti, F. (2022). False recalls, but not false recognitions, at the DRM paradigm are increased in subjects reporting insomnia symptoms: An online study. *Sleep Medicine*, 100, 347–353. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2022.09.005
Morin, C. M., Drake, C. L., Harvey, A. G., Krystal, A. D., Manber, R., Riemann, D., & Spiegelhalder, K. (2015). Insomnia disorder. *Nature Reviews. Disease Primers*, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/nrdp.2015.26
Nash, R. A., Wade, K. A., Garry, M., Loftus, E. F., & Ost, J. (2016). Misrepresentations and flawed logic about the prevalence of false memories. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 31(1), 31–33. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3265
Newbury, C. R., & Monaghan, P. (2018). When does sleep affect veridical and false memory consolidation? A meta-analysis. *Psychonomic Bulletin & Review*, 26(2), 387–400. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-018-1528-4
Nollet, M., Wisden, W., & Franks, N. P. (2020). Sleep deprivation and stress: a reciprocal relationship. *Interface Focus*, 10(3), 20190092. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2019.0092
Ohayon, M. M., & Roth, T. (2001). What are the contributing factors for insomnia in the general population? Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 51(6), 745–755. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3999(01)00285-9
Pardilla-Delgado, E., & Payne, J. D. (2017). The impact of sleep on true and false memory across long delays. *Neurobiology of Learning and Memory*, 137, 123–133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nlm.2016.11.016
Perlis, M., & Gehrman, P. (2013). Types of insomnia. In *Elsevier eBooks* (pp. 199–202). https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-378610-4.00175-3
Prince, T., & Abel, T. (2013). The impact of sleep loss on hippocampal function. Learning & Memory, 20(10), 558–569. https://doi.org/10.1101/lm.031674.113
R Core Team (2023). _R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing_. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. https://www.R-project.org.
Ramakrishnan, K. (2007, November 6). Treatment options for insomnia. https://www.ajol.info/index.php/safp/article/view/13398
Reddy, G. M. V. (2024, June 1). The impact of sleep on relationship to disease prevention and sleep quality and health outcomes. https://ijaeti.com/index.php/Journal/article/view/338
Reyna, Valerie F., et al. “Explaining the Development of False Memories.” Developmental
Review, vol. 22, no. 3, Sept. 2002, pp. 436–89, doi:10.1016/s0273-2297(02)00003-5.
Riemann, D., Spiegelhalder, K., Espie, C., Pollmächer, T., Léger, D., Bassetti, C., & Van Someren, E. (2010). Chronic insomnia: Clinical and research challenges - An agenda. *Pharmacopsychiatry*. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0030-1267978
Roediger, H. L., & Abel, M. (2022). The double-edged sword of memory retrieval. Nature
Reviews Psychology, 1(12), 708–720. https://doi.org/10.1038/s44159-022-00115-2
Stepan, M. E. (2015). Sleep and Eyewitness Memory. *DANS Data Station Social Sciences and Humanities*, 2. https://doi.org/10.17026/dans-x8e-m8cm
Soong, Christine, et al. “Advise Non-pharmacological Therapy as First Line Treatment for Chronic Insomnia.” BMJ, Mar. 2021, p. n680, doi:10.1136/bmj.n680.
Stiefel, F., & Stagno, D. (2004). Management of Insomnia in Patients with Chronic Pain Conditions. *CNS Drugs*, 18(5), 285–296. https://doi.org/10.2165/00023210-200418050-00002
Van Someren, E. J. W. (2021). Brain mechanisms of insomnia: new perspectives on causes and consequences. *Physiological Reviews*, 101(3), 995–1046. https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00046.2019
Wafford, K. A. (2021). Aberrant waste disposal in neurodegeneration: why improved sleep could be the solution. Cerebral Circulation - Cognition and Behavior, 2, 100025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cccb.2021.100025
Walker, M. P. (2008). Cognitive consequences of sleep and sleep loss. *Sleep Medicine*, 9, S29–S34. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1389-9457(08)70014-5
Wang, J., Otgaar, H., Howe, M. L., Smeets, T., Merckelbach, H., & Nahouli, Z. (2016). Undermining belief in false memories leads to less efficient problem-solving behavior. *Memory*, 25(7), 910–921. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2016.1249888
Yang, C., Lin, S., & Cheng, C. (2013). Transient insomnia versus Chronic insomnia: A Comparison Study of Sleep‐Related Psychological/Behavioral Characteristics. *Journal of Clinical Psychology*, 69(10), 1094–1107. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22000
Downloads
Posted
Categories
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Maya Sammanna
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.